{"id":2968,"date":"2010-12-04T11:38:00","date_gmt":"2010-12-04T09:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/?p=2968"},"modified":"2025-06-27T17:16:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T15:16:03","slug":"episode-19-3-december-2010","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/episode-19-3-december-2010\/","title":{"rendered":"Episode 19, 3 December 2010"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Episode 19, 3 December 2010<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Analysis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Description<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Meteorological background<\/u>
In the week before the flood, a deep upper-level trough shifted from northern Europe to the Mediterranean, creating a strong southwesterly flow that brought warm, humid air and heavy precipitation to the Adriatic. This trough supported cyclonic activity in the western Mediterranean, generating a series of cyclones that crossed the Adriatic from the Ligurian Sea. Winds in the region were variable but predominantly southerly for extended periods. On 3 December at 00:00 UTC, the final cyclone in this series formed in the northern Adriatic and moved eastward. During the flood, light northwesterly winds prevailed in the northern Adriatic, while strong southerly winds affected the middle part.<\/p>


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Sea-level evolution<\/u>
On 3 December 2010 at 05:00 UTC, the sea level in Bakar rose to 91 cm above the long-term average. Tide <\/i>was of semidiurnal spring-tide character and overall maximum occurred during the daily tidal peak. Therefore, tide<\/i> contributed a significant 28 cm to the total sea level. The maximum sea level also coincided with a peak in synoptic component<\/i>, heavily influenced by pre-existing seiches. Throughout the period, 21.2-hour oscillations dominated the residual sea level, driven by a series of cyclones that had crossed the Adriatic before the flood. The final cyclone produced only weak winds and air pressure forcing in the northern Adriatic resulting in a modest storm surge. Hence, synoptic component <\/i>contributed 26 cm to the total maximum, which was less than the contributions from tide<\/i> and long-term sea-level change<\/i>.
The remaining sea-level rise resulted from processes acting on other time scales (refer to Figure 1 in the Introduction for details): high-frequency oscillations <\/i>were negligible during the episode (-1 cm), planetary-scale variability<\/i> contributed 9 cm, and long-term sea-level change<\/i> added 21 cm.<\/p>


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In summary, the flood was caused by the combined effect of four processes, with synoptic component<\/i>, tide<\/i>, and long-term sea-level change<\/i> contributing similarly.
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Newspaper reports<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Here are excerpts from reports about the flood from Slobodna Dalmacija <\/em><\/strong>and Ve\u010dernji list<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Slobodna Dalmacija, 4 December 2010<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Metkovi\u0107 “swells” under water<\/strong><\/p>

Metkovi\u0107 is now living under flood conditions for the fifth day in a row. Although the water level of the Neretva River has stabilized below four meters, the water has not yet receded from the city center.<\/em><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

The water is simply leaking out of the manholes and sewers. Firefighters have dug channels to divert the water into the old Neretva riverbed and pressure pumps are also in use. The police had to secure the area around the pumps because some irresponsible people refused to allow the opening of the channels, which they themselves had initiated and filled when they were arranging their gardens.<\/em><\/p>

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Slobodna Dalmacija, 4 and 5 December 2010<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The Protection and Rescue Headquarters activated 300 people to assist the population with food and water supplies.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sea-level series for the flood of 3 December 2010: measured (black), tide (green), combined long-period component and mean sea-level changes (grey), synoptic component (purple), and local processes (blue). The inset figure shows the contributions (cm) of the five sea-level components to the maximum measured sea level.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4421,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-storm-surge","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2968","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2968"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2968\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4625,"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2968\/revisions\/4625"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2968"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2968"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projekti.pmfst.unist.hr\/floods\/storm-surges\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2968"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}